Welcome

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introduction 

in the course of this blog we will learn about the conditional s in a fun,educational and easy way.The objective is that at the end of the blog we understand the conditionals

what are the conditionals?

Conditionals are used to speculate about what might happen,what may have happened, and what we would like to happen. In English, most sentences that use conditional tense contain the term "if". Many of the conditional constructions of English are used in sentences that include verbs in the past. This use is called "the unreal past" because we use a past verb tense but we are not referring to something that has actually happened. There are five main ways to construct conditional sentences in English. In all cases, they consist of a proposition or clause with "if" and a main proposition. In many negative conditional sentences there is an equivalent alternative construction that uses "unless" instead of "if".

Conditionals type 0

https://www.google.com.co/search?q=conditional+type+0&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiunZS31sndAhXIxVkKHeVxApYQ_AUICigB&biw=1366&bih=662#imgrc=

CONDITIONAL TYPE ZERO

The "conditional zero" is used when the time referred to is now or always and the situation is real and possible. This type of book is usually used to talk about general facts. The tense of both propositions is the "simple present". In conditional type 0 sentences, the term "if" can usually be replaced by "when" without changing the meaning.

TRAINING

 In the conditional sentences of type 0 ("zero conditional"), the verb tense in both propositions is the "simple present".

Proposición "if" (condición)	Proposición principal (resultado)
"If" + "simple present"	"simple present"
If this thing happens	that thing happens.

As with all conditional sentences, the order of propositions is not fixed. It may be necessary to modify pronouns and punctuation by reversing the order of the propositions but the meaning of the sentence will not change. In "zero conditional" sentences, "if" can be replaced by "when" without affecting the meaning, since both terms serve to express general facts.

Example

1.       If you heat ice, it melts.

2.       Ice melts if you heat it.

3.       When you heat ice, it melts.

4.       Ice melts when you heat it.

5.       If it rains, the grass gets wet.

6.       The grass gets wet if it rains.

7.       When it rains, the grass gets wet.

8.       The grass gets wet when it rains.

Conditional type 1

https://www.google.com.co/search?q=conditional+type+1&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwil3b3G68ndAhUlx1kKHeYjA2MQ_AUICigB#imgrc=iRkRManb4sTSNM:

CONDITIONAL TYPE 1

The "type 1 conditional" is used to refer to the present or future when the situation is real. Conditional type 1 refers to a possible condition and its probable outcome. In these sentences, the "if" clause adopts the "simple present" and the main proposition the "simple future".

Proposición "if"	Proposición principal
If + simple present	simple future
If this thing happens	that thing will happen.
If you don't hurry	you will miss the train.
If it rains today	you will get wet.

TRAINING

In a conditional sentence of type 1, the verb of the proposition "if" goes in "simple present", while that of the main clause goes in "simple future".

Proposición "if" (condición)	Proposición principal (resultado)
If + simple present	simple future
If this thing happens	that thing will happen.

As with all conditional sentences, the order of propositions is not fixed. It may be necessary to modify pronouns and punctuation by changing the order of the clauses but the meaning of the sentence does not change.

examples 

If it rains, you will get wet.

You will get wet if it rains.

If Sally is late again I will be mad.

I will be mad if Sally is late again.

If you don't hurry, you will miss the bus.

You will miss the bus if you don't hurry.

Conditional type 2

https://www.google.com.co/search?q=conditionals+type+2&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiNosH5nNvdAhUw0FkKHeihBdkQ_AUICigB&biw=1366&bih=657#imgrc=e5wDBypiBtJVKM:

CONDITIONAL TYPE 2

The "conditional type 2" is used to refer to a time that can be now or at any time and in a situation that is not real. These prayers do not allude to facts. The conditional type 2 is used to refer to a hypothetical condition and its probable outcome. In these sentences, the "if" proposition adopted the "simple past" and the main clause the "conditional present".

Proposición "if"	Proposición principal
If + simple past	present conditional o present continuous conditional
If this thing happened	that thing would happen. (no tengo seguridad de que tal cosa sucedería) O that thing would be happening.
If you went to bed earlier	you would not be so tired.
If it rained	you would get wet.
If I spoke Italian	I would be working in Italy.

TRAINING

 In a conditional sentence of type 2, the verb tense of the clause "if" is the "simple past" and the one of the main clause can be the "present conditional" or the "present continuous conditional"

Proposición "if"	Proposición principal
If + simple past	"present conditional" o "present continuous conditional"
If this thing happened	that thing would happen.

As with all conditional sentences, the order of propositions is not fixed. It may be necessary to modify pronouns and punctuation by changing the order of the clauses but the meaning of the sentence remains the same.

 EXAMPLES

 If it rained, you would get wet. 

You would get wet if it rained. 

If you went to bed earlier, you would not be tired. 

You would not be tired if you went to bed earlier. 

If she fell, she would hurt herself.

 She would hurt herself if she fell.

Conditional type 3

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CONDITIONAL TYPE 3

The "type 3 conditional" is used to refer to a time in the past and a situation contrary to reality. It is based on facts that are opposed to what is being expressed. The conditional type 3 is used to refer to a past condition that is not real, as well as to its probable outcome in the past. In these sentences, the clause "if" adopts the "past perfect" and the main proposition the "perfect conditional".

Proposición "if"	Proposición principal
If + past perfect	perfect conditional o perfect continuous conditional
If this thing had happened	that thing would have happened. (ninguna de tales cosas sucedió realmente) O that thing would have been happening.
If you had studied harder	you would have passed the exam.
If it had rained	you would have gotten wet.
If I had accepted that promotion	I would have been working in Milan.

TRAINING

In a conditional sentence of type 3, the verb tense of the "if" statement is the "past perfect" and that of the main clause can be the "perfect conditional" or the "perfect continuous conditional."

Proposición "if"	Proposición principal
If + past perfect	"perfect conditional" o "perfect continuous conditional"
If this thing had happened	that thing would have happened.

As with all conditional sentences, the order of propositions is not fixed. It may be necessary to modify pronouns and punctuation by reverting the order of the clauses but the meaning of the sentence will remain the same.

 EXAMPLES

 If it had rained, you would have gotten wet. 

You would have gotten wet if it had rained.

 You would have passed your exam if you had worked harder.

 If you had worked harder, you would have passed your exam. 

I would have believed if you had not lied to me before.

 If you had not lied to me before, I would have believed you.

Conditional type mixto

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MIXED CONDITIONER

 The "mixed type conditional" is used to refer to a time in the past and a situation that has not yet concluded in the present. It is based on facts that are opposed to what is being expressed. The mixed conditional is used to refer to a condition of the past that is not real and its probable outcome in the present. In these sentences, the "if" proposition adopts the "past perfect" and the main clause the "present conditional".

Proposición "if"	Proposición principal
If + past perfect o simple past	present conditional o perfect conditional
If this thing had happened	that thing would happen. (tal cosa no ocurrió, así que tal otra no está ocurriendo)
If I had worked harder at school	I would have a better job now.
If we had looked at the map	we wouldn't be lost.
If you weren't afraid of spiders	you would have picked it up and put it outside.

In a conditional sentence, there is a possibility that the two propositions that compose it refer to different periods or moments. The result is a sentence of mixed conditional type ("mixed conditional"). There are two kinds of mixed conditional sentences.

CURRENT RESULT OF A CONDITION LOCATED IN THE PAST

TRAINING

In this type of mixed conditional sentence, the verb tense of the "if" sentence is the "past perfect" and the verb of the main clause goes in "present conditional".

Proposición "if" (condición)	Proposición principal (resultado)
If + past perfect	present conditional
If this thing had happened	that thing would happen.

As with all conditional sentences, the order of propositions is not fixed. It may be necessary to modify pronouns and punctuation by changing the order of the clauses but the meaning of the sentence is the same.

EXAMPLES

 If I had worked at school, I would have a better job now.

I would have a better job now if I had worked harder at school.

 If we had looked at the map we would not be lost.

 We would not have lost if we had looked at the map.

 If you had caught that plane you would be dead now. 

You would be dead now if you had caught that plane.

Exercices type 0

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fvHqtdhtPhU

exercises conditionals type 0

1) If you  (study) hard, you (be) a good student.

2) If it  (rain), you  (get) wet. 

3) If you  (mix) red and yellow, you  (get) orange.

4) If he  (work) a lot, he  (earn) a lot of money.

5) If she  (wear) a blue dress, she  (look) great. 6) If we  (watch) tv, we  (enjoy) a lot.

7) If he  (play) football, he  (get) tired. 8) If I  (eat) too much, I  (feel) bad.

9.People  (get) fat, if they  (eat) junk food. If a person  (practise) sports, he or she always  (feel) good. If the sun  (rise) high, it (become) very hot. Plants (die), if it (do) not rain. If children (not/get) enough sleep at night, they (get) tired all day.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zMZEZ0WjXx0

exercises type 1

1.If I study hard, I         pass passed will pass will not pass would pass would have passed  this year's exam.

2.If the weather is fine, we         go went will go will not go would go would have gone  on a picnic.

3.If I         go goes went will go would you have gone went  to Paris, I will visit the Eiffel Tower.

4.If they don't invite me, I         go went will go will not go would go would have gone  .

5.If he        gets got will get would get would have got  my email, he will send the information we need.

6.If she travels to London, she        visits visited will visit wouldl visit would have visited  the museums.

7.If I         get gets got will get would get would have got  the money, I will buy a mobile phone.

8.If you make trouble, I        send sends will send would send would have sent  you to the principal.

9.If I        have had will have would have would have had  enough time this evening, I will watch a movie.

10.If he has money, he        lends lent will lend would lend would have lent  me what I need.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=a4CdWO0Fcb0

exercises  conditionals  type two

    

1) If they ____ him well, they ____ him to their parties. (know/invite)

2) If you ____ more money, you ____ in low-cost flights. (have/not travel)

3) If she ____ me nicely, I ____ shopping with her. (ask/go)

4) If you ____ the sink apart, you ____ the water out. (take/get)

5) If Mike ____ 300 euros to spend, he ____ a new smartphone. (have/buy)

6) If I ____ abroad, I ____ the local food so much. (live/miss)

7) If I ____ you, I ____ looking for a job right now. (be/start)

8) If Sam ____ president of the US, he ____ a terrific job. (be/do)

9) If I ____ a freelance job, I ____ around the world. (have/travel)

10) I ____ university by 2019 if I ____ this year. (finish/start)

Learn English Grammar: How to use the 3rd conditional

exercises  conditionals  type 3

1) If it (would have rained/had rained)  yesterday, we (had stayed/would have stayed)  at your house.

2) If Mary (had got/would have got)  to work earlier, she (had had/would have had)  time to finish the sales project.

3) The small grocer's (had closed/would have closed)  if everybody (would have preferred/had preferred)  the nearby hypermarket.

4) We (had visited/'d have visited)  the new museum if it (wouldn't have snowed/hadn't snowed) .

5) If you (had taken/would have taken)  the top off, you (had had got/would have got)  the petrol out.

6) If you (had walked/would have walked)  down that road, you ('d found/would have found)  the chemist.

7) The paella (hadn't burnt/wouldn't have burnt)  if you ('d turned down/turned down)  the heat.

8) If we (had left/would have left)  at lunchtime, we ('d been/'d have been) home in time to see the tennis match.

9) If Mary (hadn't have liked/hadn't liked)  the gift, John (had bought/would have bought)  something more expensive.

10) My son (would have finished/had finished)  college last year if he (had started/would have started)  in 2009.

exercises conditionals type mixto 

Let's take a look at the different combinations of verb forms in the "mixed conditionals". We will focus on two types of "mixed conditionals":

 1. If I had not passed my driving test, I would not be driving a car. It is a combination between the third and second conditional.

2. If I do not like children, I would have accepted a job at a primary school. It is a combination between the second and the third state.

Complete the following sentences with the correct form of the verb in parentheses.

1. If the city  (be) still a tourist attraction, many more people  (die) in the earthquake. Luckily it's a ghost city nowadays.
2. If I  (not be) afraid of flying, I would have flown (fly) to Paris. But I'm terrified of planes so I drove in the end.
3. If I  (work) harder when I was young, I  (not be) a poor man now. But I'm too old to change anything.
4. If I  (know) more about computers, I  (not have) to call the Help Desk yesterday. But I don't have a clue.
5. If I  (study) German in school, I  (have) more job opportunities nowadays. But I chose English instead and I can't speak a word of German.
6. If I  (be) rich, I  (buy) her a diamond ring for her birthday last month. But I'm absolutely broke.
7. If I  (not have) to work so much, I  (go) to the party last weekend. But I've been snowed under ever since I changed jobs.

evaluation 

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Principio del formulario

Sample

If I win the lottery, I ____ (buy) a new car. 

Q1 of 8

If we spoke better English, we ____ (move) to the United States. 

Q2 of 8

If it ____ (rain), we should go to the movies. 

Q3 of 8

They ____ (wait, not) in the rain, had you called them to tell them you were going to be late. 

Q4 of 8

If Peter ____ (work) less, he would have more time to study. 

Q5 of 8

It would have been a nice holiday, if I ____ (break, not) my leg. 

Q6 of 8

_____ you _____ (go) to a different show if you can't get tickets to "Les Miserables"? 

Q7 of 8

If she were shorter, she ____ (wear) high heels more often. 

Q8 of 8

_____ you _____ (be) angry if I hadn't called to tell you I would be late? 

Complete the following sentences using the three types of conditional sentences: If I  knew know had known  (know) the truth I wouldn’t have said those stupid words. If I  had had have had  (have) more money I would buy a new house. John  would come would have come will come  (come) if Mary calls him. If I  had been were am  (be) you, I would visit Ann. You  won't arrive wouldn't arrive would have arrived  (not arrive) on time unless you hurry up. If I  studied had studied study  (study) harder I will pass my two exams tomorrow. Rose  would have come would come come  (come) if you hadn’t been so stupid with her. If you heat the water, it  boils would boil will boil  (boil). Maria’s baby  sleeps would sleep will sleep  (sleep) if you kept silence. Vanessa  will pass would have passed would pass  (pass) her exams if she feels confident.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OyxF4grou0Y&t=26s

my present and future

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